A recent study examined pansies (Viola arvensis) in a farmer’s meadow near Paris and compared modern populations with those grown from seeds collected between 1992 and 2001.

To assess the extent of self-pollination, the researchers used population genetic analysis, measured the plant’s physical characteristics, and observed interactions with bumblebees.

The data show significant changes in reproductive behavior: Modern field violets show a 27 percent increase in self-pollination. But this adaptation comes at a price: Modern violets are smaller, produce less nectar, and are less attractive to bumblebees than their predecessors.

While this change may seem like a positive response to declining insect populations, scientists warn against premature celebration. In one statement, the researchers called this a “vicious circle” because the advantage of self-fertilization could contribute to further reductions in insect numbers.

What’s the problem

This worries scientists because of the important role insects play in ecosystems. They serve as the main food source for a variety of animals, aid in the decomposition process, and are vital for the pollination of important fruit crops. The potential worsening of the problem of declining insect populations raises concerns about broader environmental impacts.

The results of the study highlight the need to address the main causes of insect decline, such as climate change, pesticides and habitat loss. Maintaining the complex balance of the natural world requires a comprehensive approach to protect and enhance the well-being of the insect kingdom.