This situation, which in a sense we can define as ignorant courage, is called the Dunning-Kruger effect. This effect when a person’s lack of knowledge and skills in a particular area exaggerates his or her own competence appears. Successful people, on the other hand, vastly underestimate their own abilities.

What different details does this effect have and how do people experience it? Why do they want to appear as someone they are not?

The Dunning-Kruger effect was proposed by David Dunning and Justin Kruger in the 1990s.

These two professors are, so to speak, incompetent people. Are they aware of their own shortcomings? want to test. To conduct this test, he asks twenty logical questions to 45 students.

The duo who gave this test to the students based on their scores in 4 groups separates. While the students with the lowest scores answer an average of 10 out of 20 questions correctly, 1 in 4 of those with the highest scores answer about 17 questions correctly.

In the second phase of the experiment, the performance of all students is evaluated in two different ways.

Dunning and Kruger first asked students: Have them guess how many questions they answered correctly. or. Students are then asked to guess how they do compared to other students who have taken the test.

Both groups think they answered about 14 questions correctly. Those with the least skills overestimate their scores by about 20%, top performers fall short by 15% guesses.

Furthermore, in a 2020 study, scientists evaluate the Dunning-Kruger effect from a different perspective.

The existence of this effect is attempted to be demonstrated using the electroencephalography (EEG) method, which records electrical signals. In the experiment, participants were more successful than other participants at the end of the tasks. evaluate their own performance is desired.

Participants are ranked based on their success in the task, resulting in participants in the bottom 25% their percentile higher than the actual value.the more successful 75th percentile participants underestimate their percentile.

In the experiment measuring the reaction times of individuals at these two different levels, those in the lower percentile were faster, Those in the top percentile respond more slowly is seen.

These results also show that there are several cognitive processes taking place in the brains of participants who, during evaluation, estimate their performance to be higher or lower than it actually is.

For example, those who think their performance is lower than it actually is When using recall skills during assessment Those who think their performance is higher than it actually is prefer to rely on whether they are familiar with the questions asked.

In fact, the fact that you remember a person’s face when you see them, but cannot remember whose face it is, is a state of familiarity, and you know who that person is and where you know them from. to the state of remembering can be given as an example.

In summary, the Dunning-Kruger effect often goes unnoticed by those who experience it. That is why, when David Dunning and Justin Kruger first described this effect, “They are inadequate and they don’t realize it” They try to express it with sentences.

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