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A new study tackling the problem of the cosmological constant suggests that the expansion of the universe may be an illusion. A potentially controversial new study suggests the
A new study tackling the problem of the cosmological constant suggests that the expansion of the universe may be an illusion. A potentially controversial new study suggests the expanding universe could be a mirage. This reimagining of the cosmos also offers solutions to the mysteries of dark energy and dark matter, which scientists believe make up about 95% of the total energy and matter in the universe, but remain shrouded in mystery.
The new approach is detailed in a paper published June 2 in the journal Classical and Quantum Gravity by Lucas Lombreiser, professor of theoretical physics at the University of Geneva. Scientists know that the universe expands due to a redshift, which is the extension of the wavelength of light toward the redder end of the spectrum as the object emitting it moves away from us. Distant galaxies have a higher redshift than those closer to us, indicating that these galaxies are moving further and further away from Earth.
More recently, scientists have found evidence that the expansion of the universe is not constant, but is actually accelerating faster and faster. This accelerated expansion is described by a term known as the cosmological constant or lambda. The cosmological constant has been a headache for cosmologists because the value estimates made by particle physics differ 120 times from actual observations. That’s why the cosmological constant has been described as “the worst prediction in the history of physics.”
Cosmologists often try to resolve inconsistencies between different lambda values by proposing new particles or physical forces, but Lombreiser resolves this by reconsidering what already exists.
“In this study, we put on new glasses to look at the cosmos and its unsolved puzzles by performing a mathematical transformation of the physical laws that govern it,” Lombreiser told Live Science via email.
According to Lombreiser’s mathematical interpretation, the universe is not expanding, but is flat and static, as Einstein once believed. The effects we observed indicating expansion are instead explained by the evolution of particles’ masses (such as protons and electrons) over time.
In this picture, these particles emerge from a space-time-penetrating field. The cosmological constant is determined by the mass of the field, and as this field oscillates, so do the masses of the particles it produces. The cosmological constant still changes with time, but in this model this change is not due to the expansion of the universe, but to the change of particle mass over time.
In the model, these field fluctuations lead to a higher redshift for distant galaxy clusters than traditional cosmological models predict. So the cosmological constant remains faithful to the model’s predictions.
“I’m surprised that the problem of the cosmological constant has disappeared with this new perspective on the cosmos,” Lombreiser said. Said.
Lombreiser’s new framework also addresses several other pressing issues in cosmology, including the nature of dark matter. This invisible material outnumbers ordinary matter particles by a ratio of 5 to 1, but remains mysterious because it does not interact with light. Lombreiser suggested that field fluctuations could act like a so-called action field, where axes are hypothetical particles that are one of the proposed candidates for dark matter.
These ripples could also destroy dark energy, the hypothetical force that stretches the fabric of space, thereby accelerating galaxies faster and faster. According to this model, according to Lombreiser, the effect of dark energy could be explained by the fact that particle masses took a different evolutionary path at a later time in the universe. “There’s basically no need for dark energy,” Lombreiser added.
Luz Ángela García, PhD researcher at ECCI University in Bogotá, Colombia, was impressed with Lombreiser’s new interpretation and how he solved many problems.
“This paper is quite interesting and provides an unusual result for many problems in cosmology,” Garcia, who was not involved in the study, told Live Science. “The theory provides an outlet for current tensions in cosmology.”
However, Garcia urged caution when evaluating the paper’s results, saying that his theoretical model contains elements that are unlikely to be tested observationally, at least in the near future. Source
Source: Port Altele
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