Groundbreaking research by an interdisciplinary team of an archaeologist, an artist and a computer programmer has uncovered new insights into ancient petroglyphs and techniques used by ancient carvers. Research experts at Site 25 in Timna Park in southern Israel are fascinated and offer new insights into the production processes of these fascinating carved stones. The findings were published in the journal Humanities and Social Sciences Communication.

Traditionally, the study of engraved images has focused on iconography, iconology, and stylistic features without paying attention to the subtleties of engraving technique. However, this innovative research method presented in the study highlights the features of techniques used to create petroglyphs in ancient times. The team aims to improve our understanding of these ancient works of art by looking at technological variations as indicators of the engraver’s production process.

For the study, 3D scans of two old engravings and modern graffiti were obtained from Area 25 in Timna Park. These scans were extensively analyzed using ArchCUT3-D, a custom software designed to evaluate the 3-D micromorphological features of the cuts that make up the engravings. ArchCUT3-D provides accurate and reproducible analysis by extracting 3D cross-sections and examining surface micromorphology.

The results of the study show that different cuts on engravings were made using different techniques. By identifying distinctive features, the team successfully demonstrated the unique aspects of engraving operations such as ergonomic conditions and the level of consistency of engraving movements.

The use of ArchCUT3-D software in this work represents a significant computational advance in this area. It enables the identification of cutting techniques through micromorphology specifications and facilitates the re-creation of engraving movements and individual manufacturing procedures. This groundbreaking technology offers exciting opportunities to understand the craftsmanship and cultural significance of ancient rock carvings.

Professor Leore Grossman, Head of the Laboratory of Computational Archeology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, expressed his admiration for the findings of the study, saying: “Our research brings a new perspective to ancient petroglyphs by examining the intricacies of their production. By unraveling the technological secrets of these engravings, we gain valuable insight into the craftsmanship, artistic expression and cultural context of our ancestors.”

The implications of this research extend beyond the scientific community, as new knowledge about ancient engraving techniques can change our understanding of human cultures throughout history. The team hopes their discovery will encourage further research and inspire interdisciplinary collaboration to unravel the mysteries surrounding these ancient works of art.

The research team included Professor Leore Grossman, Head of the Computational Archeology Laboratory, Lena Dubinsky, PhD candidate, and Dr. It consisted of Marcelo David. Source