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Teenage pregnancy, a problem that delays young women in their studies and conditions their autonomy, professional and family development, has officially declined in Argentina as a result of
Teenage pregnancy, a problem that delays young women in their studies and conditions their autonomy, professional and family development, has officially declined in Argentina as a result of sex education and the spread of contraceptives, as well as a feminist wave that makes them more aware of their rights. .
The birth rate of Argentine women under the age of 19 fell sharply (60%) from 2014 to 2021 (47,630), compared to a 33% drop in total births (to 529,794), according to vital statistics. Ministry of Health Argentine.
In addition, the fall is relevant (54%) in teenage fertility early, girls under 15 years old (until 1394).
This trend has turned Argentina’s demographic history on its head. teenage pregnancywhich is unintentional in 70–80% of cases and affects mothers with less resources and skills, increased between 1950 and 2015, in contrast to the region, according to a joint report by the non-governmental organization Cippec, the Population Fund United Nations (UNFPA) and UNICEF.
This was due to a very cultural fragmentation of society, immigrants compared to the traditional Hispanic population in marginalized areas, and also due to Peronism in the 1970s and then military dictatorship (1976-1983) adopted a pro-natalist policy, to the point of banning the distribution of contraceptives in hospitals and violent reprisals against doctors who did so.
By 2015, 33 countries in Latin America they had a lower birth rate than Argentina, in contrast to having reached the second lowest birth rate in the region in 1950.
“It is a combination of social dynamics in one direction and public policy,” he explained. EFE one of the authors of the report, a specialist in social demography Rafael Rofman, who explained social and cultural changes “new wave of feminism“.
“Young women are more aware of their rights and desires, how to live their lives, how to start a family and how to lead their professional lives,” Rofman added, adding that “the emergence of a new contraceptive method very effective”, an implant that is placed under the skin of the arm, which “became a strong break in the trend”.
One of public policy What the expert says has helped reduce teenage pregnancies in Argentina is a comprehensive sexuality education program implemented since 2009 that reaches public and private school students despite some schools refusing.
Also the ENIA plan (from prevention of unwanted pregnancy in adolescence) since 2017, a government policy targeting areas of the country with the highest teenage birth rate.
But the trigger has been the proliferation since 2014 of subcutaneous implants, small, terminal and flexible rods that are safe and last 3 to 5 years, as part of the Ministry of Health’s contraceptive basket.
This reversal in the trend of teen pregnancy occurred before the approval voluntary abortion until the 14th week of pregnancy, which was allowed in December 2020.
“The pressure of pro-natalist public policy has faded and more rights-based public policy has begun to grow,” Rofman said.
Civic associations currently provide territorial support for gender in marginalized areas that have a foothold in health and where women who visit respond to constant acquisition demands contraceptivesmonitoring of teenage pregnancies and abortions.
The lower number of births to teenage mothers is not only an indicator social progressbecause women have the kids they want, but that means rethinking the education system and how Argentina can take advantage of the so-called demographic dividend.
“Next year, there will be 30% fewer boys (children) enrolling in primary schools across the country than five years ago,” Rofman said, which will face Argentina with an excess of school infrastructure.
In addition, “it is women who will contribute more to society,” the economist added, because every year about 70,000 young women leave schoolthey got into a difficult situation or started to work with great difficulty because they had to take care of their children, and “now they have opportunities that they did not have before.”
The demographic bonus, which will begin to decline between 2030 and 2035, deepens, less dependent populationinfants and retirees, as well as women, are educated and trained to enter the labor market under better conditions.
In the medium term, Argentina can increase production, accumulate capital and grow faster, Rofman said.
EFE
Source: Aristegui Noticias
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