Researchers from the Australian National University (ANU) have created a diagram containing the most complete view of the history of the universe and all its important objects, from the quantum world to black holes and residual radiation. According to scientists, they wanted to visualize the structure of our world and find a solution to its origin.

“When the universe began with a hot big bang 13.8 billion years ago, there were no objects such as protons, atoms, people, planets, stars, galaxies. Now the universe is full of such objects, said the study’s lead author, Associate Professor Emeritus Charley Lineweaver from ANU. “The simple answer to the question of where they come from is that all these objects condensed from a hot background when the universe cooled.”

To visualize the formation process of all existing objects in the universe, scientists created and then combined two graphs: the first showed the temperature and density of the universe as it expanded and cooled; The second graph showed the mass and size of the universe. all objects in the universe. The result was the most complete diagram of all objects in the universe ever created.

In the given diagram there are a number of forbidden zones. That is, objects cannot be denser than black holes or small enough to enforce the laws of the quantum world (uncertainty).

The smallest possible object in the universe (an instantaneous or Planck mass black hole) is located on the graph at the intersection of quantum mechanics and general relativity theory. There is mystery and uncertainty beneath this point in both charts. Scientists have suggested that our universe may have begun with an instantaneous event of a certain size and mass, rather than a singularity, a hypothetical point with infinite density and temperature, as most scientists believe today.

The diagram itself is interesting even to non-experts. Thanks to logarithmic scales, it includes fundamental particles, particles with the Higgs boson, the COVID virus, humans, whales, the Milky Way, supermassive black holes, and other observed or hypothetical objects in our universe. A good and comprehensive view of our world, from micro to macro objects. Source