In the field of particle physics, subatomic particles can be divided into two groups: fermions and bosons. These particles differ in their spin and interaction properties. Like quarks and electrons, fermions serve as the building blocks of matter that make up atoms. There are semi-integer spins.

On the other hand, bosons act as carriers of interaction and are often referred to as the glue that binds together the fundamental forces of nature. Photons, for example, are a well-known example of bosons. Unlike fermions, bosons have integer spins and can be at the same point in space at the same time.

How is a new state of matter created?

It is worth noting that in certain scenarios two fermions can combine to form a boson. When a negatively charged electron combines with a positively charged “hole” (semiparticle), they form an exciton, a bosonic semiparticle.

Using this phenomenon, American scientists decided to investigate the behavior of excitons by placing a tungsten disulfide lattice on a similar tungsten diselenide lattice, resulting in a pattern known as moire. By irradiating both lattices with a powerful beam of light, the scientists were able to induce active collisions between the excitons, which eventually gave rise to it. a new crystalline substance with a neutral charge – bosonic-related insulator.

This achievement is particularly significant because it marks the first time that this new state of matter has been created using a system of “real” matter rather than a synthetic structure. The discovery opens new avenues for the development of innovative boson materials, providing valuable insight into the behavior of bosons.

Why is this important?

The implications of this breakthrough go beyond basic research. The discovery of the ability to combine subatomic quasiparticles into ultradense crystals could have far-reaching implications in a variety of fields, including materials science and quantum physics. These advances could potentially revolutionize the design and development of new materials with unique properties and applications.

As scientists continue to explore and understand the properties and behavior of this new state of matter, the scientific community looks forward to the potential for more breakthroughs and transformative applications in the near future.