So how does DNA know where to work? For example a DNA in a blood cell or an olfactory cell? How does he know this is so?

Bride, answers to these questions Let’s give it.

How DNA works in which cell is actually a multifactorial process.

A special protein called a transcription factor activates genes. This protein binds to DNA to increase or decrease the activity of certain genes. In addition, many transcription factors are recycled from cell to cell.

Essentially, this situation can be compared to using the same parts in different cars. a transcription factor, It can activate different genes in different cell types. For example, a factor called Olf-1, which is used in olfactory cells, is the same as Ebf-1, which is used to identify B cells.

Furthermore, the transcription factor is involved in the synthesis of DNA in various cell types. organized in different ways Therefore, it manages to activate various genes in these cells.

Also in the core; A complex of DNA, proteins and RNA work together to package long DNA strands.

This complex is called chromatin and which genes are more or less expressed It is determined by this complex. Again, there are processes that effect longer-term changes in the DNA itself.

For example, DNA methylation involves, and usually does, the addition of a methyl group to a nucleotide by suppressing a gene are closely related. That is, DNA methylation can be passed on from generation to generation and influences which genes are activated or not in a given cell type.

In summary, the human body functions so wonderfully that DNA is involved in all these processes. In each cell it works in a completely different way.

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